By Lindsey Coulter

Dorian Maness, GGP, is a Senior Project Manager and Mechanical Engineer for the Education Division of Matern Professional Engineering in Maitland, Fla.听Focusing on听project management and mechanical systems design, Maness听delivers听innovative,听tailored听HVAC systems听that allow听students and educators to focus on learning, while giving school leaders operational peace of mind.听

鈥淪chool environments are often occupied and require continuous, rapid maintenance,鈥� Maness said. 鈥淪o, there鈥檚 a听balance to be struck between what the owner wants, what mechanical system听success听needs to meet the functionality of the school, and what the maintenance team can maintain to ensure the system operates effectively.鈥�听听

Maness joined the 糖心少女 (SCN) Editorial Advisory Board in 2025, bringing valuable听expertise听in听engineering and mechanical systems for听K-12 and higher education.听As school facilities must contend with more extreme temperatures, changing codes, shifting maintenance budgets听and听higher听performance expectations, Maness听spoke with SCN about听what it takes to design and deliver systems that work and last.听

SCN:听What鈥檚听your philosophy on balancing performance and cost in HVAC design?听

Maness:听Each project is听unique听and听it鈥檚听critical we have the right conversations to figure out what works within the framework of the project and the owner.听My philosophy breaks down to 鈥淢ake it make sense.鈥� There is a fine line between the performance听of听a system and the cost of getting that performance out of the system. Clients often approach a project with the notion that they want the highest performance system. However, there is a听[financial]听tradeoff. As an engineer and project manager,听it鈥檚听my job to understand things like budget and Life Cycle Costs to be able to have conversations with the owners or clients to guide them in a way that makes sense for their needs and the needs of their school. Sometimes听I鈥檓听able to design a听cool听high-performance system and give them the most efficient HVAC system,听which can save money over time or get tax rebates for the district. At other times, due to first costs and budget, we must design a more robust system that is more easily听maintained听and that the district is more familiar with.听听

SCN:听What innovations in mechanical system design are most promising for schools?听

Maness:听Schools are becoming more complex.听They’re听constantly听changing and听offering many听new programs听that used to be听available听only in colleges or technical schools. Mechanical equipment has become smaller and more powerful, allowing us to support various programming spaces, such as auditoriums, large gymnasiums, welding labs, automotive听labs听and robotics labs. Along with mechanical equipment, innovations in programming and BAS control have also been crucial to the advancement of how mechanical systems听operate. Adjusting to various school loads, allowing owners to see real-time alarms and failures on the equipment, are all innovations that have allowed us to change the way we design schools and give value back to the owners and clients.听

Additionally, in Florida, high temperatures and high humidity will always drive the mechanical system design in schools. Ensuring that the mechanical system has capacity to cool all spaces as required will become more challenging as the climate increasingly gets warmer or stays warmer longer. However, one trend I鈥檝e seen is mechanical equipment becoming more efficient and better at handling high humidity or high temperatures. Utilizing this equipment in newer designs will be crucial to keeping up with future demands.听

SCN:听What鈥檚听a misconception owners often have about mechanical design?听

Maness:听Owners underestimate the cost and space听required听to house mechanical systems. Most owners care听first and foremost听about how their building looks aesthetically, not about the space inside the building that no one sees. Ironically, this is the space that mechanical engineers care about the most:听the cavity above ceilings, the space on the roof, or mechanical rooms on a floor plan that no one will ever go into or see. These are the areas that house our听ductwork and听air听handlers,听chillers,听exhaust听fans听and many more pieces of mechanical equipment that are crucial to our design. Often, I hear how surprised they are about how many mechanical rooms we need on a floor plan or how much space we need outside for our chillers. This makes it crucial for us to be involved in early talks with the owner and architect when designing the footprint of a new building.听

SCN:听In what听other听ways do you collaborate with architects and planners to听optimize听student comfort?听

Maness:听I collaborate very closely with architects and planners to be sure the overarching designs maximize student comfort. While the architects design the layout of a school in respect to hallways, classrooms, gymnasiums, and more,听it鈥檚听my job to ensure that our mechanical design听maintains听the various spaces and makes them听comfortable听鈥斕齨o matter what the students are doing. The same type of mechanical system that serves a classroom听wouldn鈥檛听be useful in a gymnasium or a cafeteria. Ensuring that these different areas of a school have the听appropriate mechanical听design is our most important job. Working closely with architects and planners is critical, and we communicate extensively about the spaces we need for all these different areas to ensure we can fit our equipment and have enough space above the ceiling for our larger ductwork.听

SCN: What project taught you the most about energy-smart system design?听

Maness:听Whether听it鈥檚听elementary,听middle听or high school, the first question is always about costs. Since most schools are听supported by taxpayer dollars, cost savings and energy savings are always the first topics with owners.听In my experience, high-school projects present the most opportunity to听utilize听high-energy saving designs because they are larger and have more diverse student programming; kitchens, culinary labs, chemistry labs, auditoriums, and gymnasiums are all high-energy use spaces. These unique spaces create opportunities such as Bi-Polar听Ionization or听Demand Control Ventilation, which are energy-saving designs that help to reduce energy and life cycle costs over time.听

Get more weekly reports and听timely听updates by subscribing for free at听schoolconstructionnews.com/subscribe.听

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Matern Professional Engineering鈥�a Maitland, Fla.-headquartered engineering services company that serves the K-12, higher education, healthcare, government sectors and more鈥�recently promoted Austin Podurgiel to project manager within the company鈥檚 commercial sector. 听

Podurgiel has eight years of mechanical experience within diverse sectors, including healthcare, commercial, municipal and community, and has worked on projects for USP and facilities for cGMP manufacturing and vertical farming. Proficient in industry-leading design software and an expert in mechanical systems design, Podurgiel will use his wide skillset and innovative technology knowledge to lead Matern鈥檚 commercial teams and deliver exceptional results. 听

鈥淲e are excited to promote Austin to project manager,鈥� said Bradley Pascarella, Commercial Division director at Matern Professional Engineering, in a statement. 鈥淗is proactive project management and communication style, and drive for quality will be invaluable to our clients.鈥�听

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As a Certified Green Globes Professional, Maness is well versed in Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) and specializes in energy conservation and cost-effective mechanical solutions. He has designed numerous heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems as well as performed energy load calculations and selected mechanical equipment. Maness graduated from the University of Central Florida with a bachelor鈥檚 degree in mechanical engineering with a specialty in mechanical systems and is a member of the Central Florida chapter of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and the Florida Educational Facilities Planners鈥� Association (FEFPA).听

鈥淒orian is known for always being up to the challenge of analyzing and designing an efficient and tailored design solution for our clients,鈥� said Ryan Strandquest, Matern Professional Engineering president, in a statement. 鈥淲e are proud to promote him, and his expertise in project management and mechanical engineering benefits our clients in Florida.鈥�听

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Achieving net zero is not an easy feat. The current state of educational institutions is more aptly described as approaching net zero. Washington, Oregon, and California are much closer to net zero due to statewide incentives and mandates coupled with the increased rates of utilities in these states. Florida and other states are still far behind Washington, Oregon, and California.听 Florida and other states are still far behind. This might seem rather strange, considering that Florida, the Sunshine State, is blessed with ample energy from the sun. However, in 2021 Florida generated from renewable sources such as solar, according to the U.S. Energy Information Administration. But as paltry as that might seem, Florida actually ranks very high out of all states鈥攏umber four鈥攊n renewable energy and solar energy.

Furthermore, Florida has much lower energy costs and has moved more slowly towards net zero because the economics are not in place to encourage more investment to improve power use and thus reduce CO² emissions.听 When facilities look at the costs of wind and solar energy, new technologies around mechanical and lighting systems, and redesign or retrofit of a facility, the return on investment is often many years away. Government incentives can help, especially as energy costs play a major part in operational expenses.

Net zero is defined as carbon neutrality, meaning the amount of greenhouse gases (CO² being most impactful) produced by a facility is brought to zero by reducing emissions or methods to absorb greenhouse gases. Greenhouse gases are the leading cause of our planet’s global warming. Reducing, eliminating, and absorbing greenhouse gases will slow or potentially reverse global warming. Driven by rising energy costs, government mandates, long-term cost savings, and simply doing the right thing for future generations, schools are increasingly turning to engineers and architects to move towards net zero energy consumption using various renewable energy sources and new technologies.

One sector where net zero has received increasing attention is in the educational sphere. Indeed, much of the push toward net zero in school construction focuses specifically on solar energy鈥攑erhaps partially pushed by the younger generations鈥� increasing knowledge about environmental sustainability. Just one example can be seen in a recent deal in which Durham Public Schools in North Carolina is party to a triumvirate of customers of Duke Energy鈥檚 Green Source Advantage (GSA) program nearly 35 megawatts (MW) of solar energy in the state. Elsewhere, Maryland鈥檚 extensive Prince George鈥檚 County Public Schools district, located just outside Washington, D.C., has committed to . The district has already installed some solar panels on some of its schools, yet much more needs to be done at the state level. Accordingly, a bill before the Maryland General Assembly seeks to encourage extensive solar energy usage in future construction. This political tightrope is possible thanks to the bill鈥檚 not requiring a mandate from the state government in Annapolis.

However, increasingly, such government mandates are driving more demand for a move toward net zero. But it鈥檚 a mix of mandates and incentives that provide schools with dollar-driven initiatives to improve their renewable power generation and reduction of greenhouse gases. Higher education institutions are often in the business of making money and profits will guide their choices to invest in solar technologies that reduce or offset CO² emissions. It is truly a business decision for many of these institutions, and if the numbers are not in their favor, they will often forego such investment. Even a basic 5-kilowatt system costs between $15,000 and $25,000 to install without any government incentives or tax credits, . When that is scaled up, the costs begin to look rather daunting.

Increasing energy costs are driving educational institutions to look toward new sources of power. Heating and cooling costs constitute a substantial portion of operational budgets, with some estimates putting these costs at nearly 50% of all operating expenses. Building envelopes have been a focus when efficient designs are planned and implemented. Substantial heating or cooling loss via a leaky building envelope can exacerbate costs. Engineers must think creatively about ways to solve this problem because rebuilding or remodeling a facility is often not in the cards. Wind and solar can help offset the loss of climate control by providing needed power to run HVAC systems if schools are in areas to take advantage of the fuel these require, wind and sunlight.

Thanks to new motor technologies (ECM motors) and thermal energy storage (TES) technologies, engineers are finding ways to utilize incentives to address HVAC costs with a much more rapid return on investment (ROI). One example in Flagler County, Florida, is the Flagler-Palm Coast HS CEP renovation project which will have a new 1050-ton air-cooled, 36 Calmac ice storage tank central energy plant added to provide chilled water to a multi-building campus totaling 308,300 SF. The solution will provide a 4.3-year ROI, 12,964 metric tons per year of CO²e reduction, a 5,487,065 gallon annual water reduction and an Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) 48 Investment Tax Credit between $200,000 -$400,000. Lighting technologies are helping reduce energy usage for schools as well. LED lighting systems that are controlled and provide automated on/off mechanisms reduce electrical use while also cutting down on heat production, a byproduct of traditional incandescent bulbs.

Many in the education sector talk about net zero. However, it is a long way off for most. Incentives can help drive investment and states providing these continue to be ahead of the curve. Building technologies have advanced and they will continue to do so. Creative solutions can help speed the path to net zero and forward-thinking engineers and architects are leading the charge to offer solutions that make good sense now and sound returns in the future. While it is the right thing to do for the future of our schools, our children, and their children, investment must make sound economic sense for schools to be willing to rebuild or retrofit facilities.

Ryan Strandquest LEED AP is the President of Matern Professional Engineering.

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